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| Latest Science News | Weird, Ultra-Small Microbes Turn Up in Acidic Mine Drainage
ScienceDaily (May 6, 2010) — In the depths of a former copper mine in Northern California dwell what may be the smallest, most stripped-down forms of life ever discovered.
The microbes -- members of the domain of one-celled creatures called Archaea -- are smaller than other known microorganisms, rivaled in size only by a microbe that can survive solely as a parasite attached to the outside of other cells. Their genomes, reconstructed by a group at the University of California, Berkeley, are among the smallest ever reported. The researchers also discovered another mine-dwelling microbe that occasionally produces weird protuberances unlike any structures seen before in Archaea and uses them to penetrate the ultra-small microbes.....More | Interview 'India ready to make it big in outsourcing of medical devices'
India is now in the limelight for its expertise in the medical devices space. The industry's inherent engineering strengths is being recognized by global majors who are looking to tap the emerging market opportunities to augment growth. This is where Bangalore-based MedVed sets up an advanced facility here, which has designed and developed high quality, reasonable priced implantable medical devices for cardiac rhythm management. The company's 'Stellar' brand for single and dual pacemakers, cardiac leads, pacing system analyzers will now revolutionize the heart surgery management. Dinesh Puri, chairman and managing director, MediVed Innovations Pvt Ltd provides an overview of the opportunities, business potential in the segment in a discussion with Nandita Vijay.... More | Scientists Alter Developing Fish Brain to Resemble That of Another Species
ScienceDaily— Scientists at the Georgia Institute of Technology have found that by applying chemicals to manipulate genes in a developing embryo, they've been able to change the brain of one type of cichlid fish to resemble that of another. The researchers also discovered differences in the general patterning of the brain very early in development before functional neurons form in a process known as neurogenesis. This finding is at odds with a well-held theory known as "late equals large."
The research appears in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
In the mid 1990s, the hypothesis called "late equals large" was put forth to explain the way brains evolve across species. The brain begins as a blank slate. In early development, the anterior, or front, part of the brain is specified from the posterior, or back, part. After that, neurogenesis occurs as precursor cells mature to become neurons. These precursors can replicate endlessly, but once they become functional neurons, replication ends. The later the switch from precursors to mature neurons, the larger the brain, or brain region, becomes. The "late equals large" model holds that the brains of different species, for example humans vs. mice, are similar early in development and differ because of the later process of neurogenesis.... More | New culprit in muscle defects, insulin resistance that come with age
Type 2 diabetes is a widespread problem for many people these days, and our risk for insulin resistance and diabetes only grows as we age. Now, a new report in the May issue of Cell Metabolism, a Cell Press publication, reveals a new contributor to the problem: The muscles of elderly people and of people with type 2 diabetes contain lower concentrations of a protein known as PARL (short for "presenilin-associated rhomboid-like").
PARL plays an important role within cells in remodeling power-generating mitochondria. It's PARL's job to oversee mitochondria's quality control, specifically by maintaining their integrity as the cellular components undergo normal processes of fission and fusion.
The findings provide yet another link between insulin resistance and the function of mitochondria, the researchers say.
When mitochondria aren't functioning properly, food doesn't get metabolized to the level that it should, explained Anthony Civitarese of Pennington Biomedical Research Center. Instead of getting burned, fats accumulate in cells where they impair insulin's action. As mitochondria fail to work efficiently, they also produce more damaging free radicals.... More | Omni-Focus Video Camera to Revolutionize Industry: Automatic Real-Time Focus of Both Near and Far Field Images
ScienceDaily—University of Toronto, a world-leading research university, announces a breakthrough development in video camera design. The Omni-focus Video Camera, based on an entirely new distance-mapping principle, delivers automatic real-time focus of both near and far field images, simultaneously, in high resolution. This unprecedented capability can be broadly applied in industry, including manufacturing, medicine, defense, security -- and for the consumer market.
Inventor and principal investigator of the Omni-focus video camera, Professor Keigo Iizuka of The Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, explains that, "the intensity of a point source decays with the inverse square of the distance of propagation. This variation with distance has proven to be large enough to provide depth mapping with high resolution. ... More | More News |
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| | Announcements of the 2009 Nobel Prizes and
The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel
The Nobel Foundation hereby announces that the prize awarding institutions have set the following dates for their announcement of the 2009 Nobel Prizes and the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel ....More | | | 
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